Many of these aspects also apply to the commons-generating projects this research is interested. And in some ways, they are even more pronounced there, since the difference between platform (organizational structure) and work of art (aka the work hosted on the platform) is reversed. I most cases, each individual work hosted in these resources is unremarkable (in the sense of pre-existing) but it is the organizational structure through which they become available that is the most innovative and radical aspect of these projects.
]]>Speaking about Creative Commons: “Having divorced itself from revolutionary rhetoric, the Creative Commons incarnation of FLOSS led by Lawrence Lessig, which deals not with software but ‘content’ is no longer concerned with transforming capitalist society, for instance, but with enhancing liberal democracy and the autonomy of liberal individualism by creating legal tools that offer guarantees for certain kinds of action in the form of licenses. Such freedom and autonomy, as described previously, are assumed to be naturally given in liberal society and automatically preserved if certain instruments are applied, irrespective of the systems of conditioning, subjectification, persuasion, coercion, profit, discrimination, distortion, or control that may be operative in such a society and in those dependent on it.” [24]
These issues, as both empirical dynamics as well as conceptual perspectives, are even more acute today than they were in 2012.
]]>On the question of non-exclusivity. If we take the Hess & Ostrom (2007) approach and differentiate between facilities (pyhsical infrastructures), artifacts (files, data etc) and ideas („coherent thoughts, mental images, creative visions, innovative information), then the artifacts are always treated as non-exclusive, the facilities are sometimes exclusive and sometimes non-exclusive and the ideas (what the project is about) are often very exclusive, in terms of being connected to an specific, personal artistic vision.
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